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2.3 Behavior-Management Techniques
For young children, the range of behavior-management tools is much smaller than for older children. Young children usually cannot understand long-term benefits. Their fears often make modeling unsuccessful. For example, a 2-year-old can see an older sibling do very well during a dental experience and then fall apart when he or she goes through the same experience. An effective communication style can help reassure young children. Other tools that promise the most success among children in this age group are as follows:
Communication Most young children have a very limited vocabulary, if they can talk at all. For example, a 2-year-old usually communicates with single words or two-word sentences. Describe treatment metaphorically or with analogies that the child can understand. For example, refer to probing as “tickling the teeth”; call the overhead light “special sunshine.” Time spent trying to communicate verbally should be kept to a minimum. Young children rely on nonverbal cues, such as frowns and smiles. You can present a friendly and caring demeanor by smiling and using soft tones. A reassuring pat on the head or touch on the shoulder can warm a young child to the dental office environment. A skilled oral health professional blends these communication techniques with simple behavior-management techniques to capture the child's attention while reducing anxiety. For 2-year-olds who are not overly anxious, positive reinforcement and a steady set of questions may work well to keep the child engaged for simple procedures. Continually talking to the child may help him or her feel more comfortable and be more cooperative. |
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The following behavior-management techniques can help you provide care
to young children, but it is important to remember that each child is
unique and responds differently. Children's temperaments and approaches
are shaped by their environments as well as by genetics.
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